Menopause, typically occurring in a woman’s 40s or 50s, is diagnosed after 12 months without a period. Comprised of perimenopause, menopause and postmenopause, many women report increased memory lapses during the menopausal transition.

If you’re noticing more frequent forgetfulness or a general sense of mental fogginess, you’re not alone. These symptoms usually occur temporarily and are often associated with the natural decrease in estrogen levels. Let’s explore what’s happening and how you can navigate the changes that come with menopause.

How Does Menopause Affect the Brain?

For many, menopause alters the production, connection and lifespan of brain cells, affecting crucial areas of the brain responsible for memory. During menopause, women gradually experience a decline in ovarian hormones, including estradiol, the main form of estrogen that plays a key role in brain function.

Here are some tips to help you manage memory issues:

• Stay mentally active
• Manage stress
• Engage in social activities
• Keep yourself hydrated
• Get a good night’s sleep

What Are Other Symptoms?

Hormonal shifts during menopause can also lead to a variety of other symptoms, including hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness that leads to discomfort during sex and cycle changes. Additionally, mood swings and sleep disturbances are common during this transition. While some women may not experience significant changes in their menstrual cycles, most have shorter cycles during perimenopause.

What Treatment Options Are Available?

Symptoms can vary in type and intensity and be different for everyone. In many cases, the menopausal transition doesn’t require any specific treatment. However, a variety of hormonal and nonhormonal treatments are available to help. Lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy diet, regular exercise and avoiding tobacco products can also help.